<br>用Delphi設計自己的代理服務器 <br> <br> 筆者在編寫一個上網計費軟件時,涉及到如何對局域網中各工作站上網計費問題。一般來講,這些工作站通過代理服務器上網,而采用現(xiàn)成的代理服務器軟件時,由于代理服務器軟件是封閉的系統(tǒng),很難編寫程序獲取實時的上網計時信息。因此,考慮是否能編寫自己的代理服務器,一方面解決群體上網,另一方面又解決上網的計費問題呢? <br> 經過實驗性編程,終于圓滿地解決了該問題。現(xiàn)寫出來,與各位同行分享。 <br> <br>1、思路 <br>當前流行的瀏覽器的系統(tǒng)選項中有一個參數(shù),即“通過代理服務器連接”,經過編程測 <br>試,當局域網中一臺工作站指定了該屬性,再發(fā)出Internet請求時,請求數(shù)據(jù)將發(fā)送到所指定的代理服務器上,以下為請求數(shù)據(jù)包示例: <br> GEThttp://home.microsoft.com/intl/cn/HTTP/1.0 <br> Accept:*/* <br> Accept-Language:zh-cn <br> Accept-Encoding:gzip,deflate <br> User-Agent:Mozilla/4.0(compatible;MSIE5.0;WindowsNT) <br> Host:home.microsoft.com <br> Proxy-Connection:Keep-Alive <br>其中第一行為目標URL及相關方法、協(xié)議,“Host”行指定了目標主機的地址。 <br>由此知道了代理服務的過程:接收被代理端的請求、連接真正的主機、接收主機返回的數(shù)據(jù)、將接收數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到被代理端。 <br>為此可編寫一個簡單的程序,完成上述網絡通信重定向問題。 <br>用Delphi設計時,選用ServerSocket作為與被代理工作站通信的套接字控件,選用ClientSocket動態(tài)數(shù)組作為與遠程主機通信的套接字控件。 <br>編程時應解決的一個重要問題是多重連接處理問題,為了加快代理服務的速度和被代理端的響應速度,套接字控件的屬性應設為非阻塞型;各通信會話與套接字動態(tài)綁定,用套接字的SocketHandle屬性值確定屬于哪一個會話。 <br>通信的銜接過程如下圖所示: <br> <br> 代理服務器 <br> <br> Serversocket <br> (1)接收 <br> 被代理端發(fā)送遠程主機 <br> (6)(2)(5) <br> BrowserClientSocket(4)WebServer <br> 接收 <br> 發(fā)送(3) <br> <br> <br>(1)、被代理端瀏覽器發(fā)出Web請求,代理服務器的Serversocket接收到請求。 <br>(2)、代理服務器程序自動創(chuàng)建一個ClientSocket,并設置主機地址、端口等屬性,然后連接遠程主機。 <br>(3)、遠程連通后激發(fā)發(fā)送事件,將Serversocket接收到的Web請求數(shù)據(jù)包發(fā)送到遠程主機。 <br>(4)、當遠程主機返回頁面數(shù)據(jù)時,激發(fā)ClientSocket的讀事件,讀取頁面數(shù)據(jù)。 <br>(5)、代理服務器程序根據(jù)綁定信息確定屬于ServerSocket控件中的哪一個Socket應該將從主機接收的頁面信息發(fā)送到被代理端。 <br>(6)、ServerSocket中的對應Socket將頁面數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到被代理端。 <br> <br>2、程序編寫 <br>使用Delphi設計以上通信過程非常簡單,主要是ServerSocket、ClientSocket的相關事 <br>件驅動程序的程序編寫。下面給出作者編寫的實驗用代理服務器界面與源程序清單,內含簡要功能說明: <br> <br>unitmain; <br> <br>interface <br> <br>uses <br> Windows,Messages,SysUtils,Classes,Graphics,Controls,Forms,Dialogs, <br> ExtCtrls,ScktComp,TrayIcon,Menus,StdCtrls; <br> <br>type <br> session_record=record <br> Used:boolean; <br> SS_Handle:integer; <br> CSocket:TClientSocket; <br> Lookingup:boolean; <br> LookupTime:integer; <br> Request:boolean; <br> request_str:string; <br> client_connected:boolean; <br> remote_connected:boolean; <br>end; <br> <br>type <br> TForm1=class(TForm) <br> ServerSocket1:TServerSocket; <br> ClientSocket1:TClientSocket; <br> Timer2:TTimer; <br> TrayIcon1:TTrayIcon; <br> PopupMenu1:TPopupMenu; <br> N11:TMenuItem; <br> N21:TMenuItem; <br> N1:TMenuItem; <br> N01:TMenuItem; <br> Memo1:TMemo; <br> Edit1:TEdit; <br> Label1:TLabel; <br> Timer1:TTimer; <br> procedureTimer2Timer(Sender:TObject); <br> procedureN11Click(Sender:TObject); <br> procedureFormCreate(Sender:TObject); <br> procedureFormClose(Sender:TObject;varAction:TCloseAction); <br> procedureN21Click(Sender:TObject); <br> procedureN01Click(Sender:TObject); <br> procedureServerSocket1ClientConnect(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket); <br> procedureServerSocket1ClientDisconnect(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket); <br> procedureServerSocket1ClientError(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket;ErrorEvent:TErrorEvent; <br> varErrorCode:Integer); <br> procedureServerSocket1ClientRead(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket); <br> procedureClientSocket1Connect(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket); <br> procedureClientSocket1Disconnect(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket); <br> procedureClientSocket1Error(Sender:TObject;Socket:TCustomWinSocket; <br> ErrorEvent:TErrorEvent;varErrorCode:Integer); <br> procedureClientSocket1Write(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket); <br> procedureClientSocket1Read(Sender:TObject;Socket:TCustomWinSocket); <br> procedureServerSocket1Listen(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket); <br> procedureAppException(Sender:TObject;E:Exception); <br> procedureTimer1Timer(Sender:TObject); <br> ** <br> {**declarations} <br> public <br> Service_Enabled:boolean; <br> session:arrayofsession_record; <br> sessions:integer; <br> LookUpTimeOut:integer; <br> InvalidRequests:integer; <br> end; <br> <br>var <br> Form1:TForm1; <br> <br>implementation <br> <br>{$R*.DFM} <br> <br>file://系統(tǒng)啟動定時器,啟動窗顯示完成后,縮小到SystemTray… <br>procedureTForm1.Timer2Timer(Sender:TObject); <br>begin <br> timer2.Enabled:=false; <br> sessions:=0; <br> Application.OnException:=AppException; <br> invalidRequests:=0; <br> LookUpTimeOut:=60000; <br> timer1.Enabled:=true; <br> n11.Enabled:=false; <br> n21.Enabled:=true; <br> serversocket1.Port:=988; <br> serversocket1.Active:=true; <br> form1.hide;{隱藏界面,縮小到SystemTray上} <br>end; <br> <br>file://開啟服務菜單項… <br>procedureTForm1.N11Click(Sender:TObject); <br>begin <br> serversocket1.Active:=true; <br>end; <br> <br> <br>file://停止服務菜單項… <br>procedureTForm1.N21Click(Sender:TObject); <br>begin <br> serversocket1.Active:=false; <br> N11.Enabled:=True; <br> N21.Enabled:=False; <br> Service_Enabled:=false; <br>end; <br> <br> <br>file://主窗口建立… <br>procedureTForm1.FormCreate(Sender:TObject); <br>begin <br> Service_Enabled:=false; <br> timer2.Enabled:=true; <br>end; <br> <br>file://窗口關閉時… <br>procedureTForm1.FormClose(Sender:TObject;varAction:TCloseAction); <br>begin <br> timer1.Enabled:=false; <br> ifService_Enabledthen <br> serversocket1.Active:=false; <br>end; <br> <br>file://退出程序按鈕… <br>procedureTForm1.N01Click(Sender:TObject); <br>begin <br> form1.Close; <br>end; <br> <br>file://開啟代理服務后… <br>procedureTForm1.ServerSocket1Listen(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket); <br>begin <br> Service_Enabled:=true; <br> N11.Enabled:=false; <br> N21.Enabled:=true; <br>end; <br> <br>file://被代理端連接到代理服務器后,建立一個會話,并與套接字綁定… <br>procedureTForm1.ServerSocket1ClientConnect(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket); <br>var <br>i,j:integer; <br>begin <br> j:=-1; <br> fori:=1tosessionsdo <br> ifnotsession[i-1].Usedandnotsession[i-1].CSocket.activethen <br> begin <br> j:=i-1; <br> session[j].Used:=true; <br> break; <br> end <br> else <br> ifnotsession[i-1].Usedandsession[i-1].CSocket.activethen <br> session[i-1].CSocket.active:=false; <br> ifj=-1then <br> begin <br> j:=sessions; <br> inc(sessions); <br> setlength(session,sessions); <br> session[j].Used:=true; <br> session[j].CSocket:=TClientSocket.Create(nil); <br> session[j].CSocket.OnConnect:=ClientSocket1Connect; <br> session[j].CSocket.OnDisconnect:=ClientSocket1Disconnect; <br> session[j].CSocket.OnError:=ClientSocket1Error; <br> session[j].CSocket.OnRead:=ClientSocket1Read; <br> session[j].CSocket.OnWrite:=ClientSocket1Write; <br> session[j].Lookingup:=false; <br> end; <br> session[j].SS_Handle:=socket.socketHandle; <br> session[j].Request:=false; <br> session[j].client_connected:=true; <br> session[j].remote_connected:=false; <br> edit1.text:=inttostr(sessions); <br>end; <br> <br>file://被代理端斷開時… <br>procedureTForm1.ServerSocket1ClientDisconnect(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket); <br>var <br>i,j,k:integer; <br>begin <br> fori:=1tosessionsdo <br> if(session[i-1].SS_Handle=socket.SocketHandle)andsession[i-1].Usedthen <br> begin <br> session[i-1].client_connected:=false; <br> ifsession[i-1].remote_connectedthen <br> session[i-1].CSocket.active:=false <br> else <br> session[i-1].Used:=false; <br> break; <br> end; <br> j:=sessions; <br> k:=0; <br> fori:=1tojdo <br> begin <br> ifsession[j-i].Usedthen <br> break; <br> inc(k); <br> end; <br> ifk%26gt;0then <br> begin <br> sessions:=sessions-k; <br> setlength(session,sessions); <br> end; <br> edit1.text:=inttostr(sessions); <br>end; <br> <br>file://通信錯誤出現(xiàn)時… <br>procedureTForm1.ServerSocket1ClientError(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket;ErrorEvent:TErrorEvent; <br> varErrorCode:Integer); <br>var <br>i,j,k:integer; <br>begin <br> fori:=1tosessionsdo <br> if(session[i-1].SS_Handle=socket.SocketHandle)andsession[i-1].Usedthen <br> begin <br> session[i-1].client_connected:=false; <br> ifsession[i-1].remote_connectedthen <br> session[i-1].CSocket.active:=false <br> else <br> session[i-1].Used:=false; <br> break; <br> end; <br> j:=sessions; <br> k:=0; <br> fori:=1tojdo <br> begin <br> ifsession[j-i].Usedthen <br> break; <br> inc(k); <br> end; <br> ifk%26gt;0then <br> begin <br> sessions:=sessions-k; <br> setlength(session,sessions); <br> end; <br> edit1.text:=inttostr(sessions); <br> errorcode:=0; <br>end; <br> <br>file://被代理端發(fā)送來頁面請求時… <br>procedureTForm1.ServerSocket1ClientRead(Sender:TObject; <br> Socket:TCustomWinSocket); <br>var <br>tmp,line,host:string; <br>i,j,port:integer; <br>begin <br> fori:=1tosessionsdo <br> ifsession[i-1].Usedand(session[i-1].SS_Handle=socket.sockethandle)then <br> begin <br> session[i-1].request_str:=socket.ReceiveText; <br> tmp:=session[i-1].request_str; <br> memo1.lines.add(tmp); <br> j:=pos(char(13)+char(10),tmp); <br> whilej%26gt;0do <br> begin <br> line:=copy(tmp,1,j-1); <br> delete(tmp,1,j+1); <br> j:=pos('Host',line); <br> ifj%26gt;0then <br> begin <br> delete(line,1,j+5); <br> j:=pos(':',line); <br> ifj%26gt;0then <br> begin <br> host:=copy(line,1,j-1); <br> delete(line,1,j); <br> try <br> port:=strtoint(line); <br> except <br> port:=80; <br> end; <br> end <br> else <br> begin <br> host:=trim(line); <br> port:=80; <br> end; <br> ifnotsession[i-1].remote_connectedthen <br> begin <br> session[i-1].Request:=true;
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